What type of heat source might be utilized in an indirect hot water system?

In an indirect hot water system, a boiler serves as an effective heat source. This type of system utilizes the boiler to heat water indirectly through a heat exchanger, transferring heat efficiently to the water without direct contact. The boiler heats a separate liquid, often water or glycol, which then circulates to the heat exchanger connected to the hot water storage tank. This method allows for better temperature control and can support larger volumes of hot water, making it suitable for residential or commercial applications.

While electrical resistance heaters, natural gas burners, and wood-burning stoves can generate heat, they do not function in the same indirect capacity as a boiler in this context. Electrical resistance heaters typically heat water directly, while natural gas burners and wood-burning stoves also primarily heat water through direct combustion. In contrast, the boiler's design and operational principle align perfectly with the requirements of an indirect hot water system, maximizing efficiency and control over the heating process.