How can scale build-up affect hot water systems?

Scale build-up in hot water systems primarily occurs due to mineral deposits, such as calcium and magnesium, precipitating out of the water when it is heated. This build-up can significantly reduce the efficiency of the system by insulating heating elements, which prevents effective heat transfer. Consequently, more energy is required to achieve the same heating output, leading to increased operational costs.

Additionally, scale can cause physical blockages in pipes and fixtures, which can restrict water flow. As a result, repairs or maintenance may become necessary, leading to further costs and potential downtime of the system. The accumulation of scale can also contribute to premature wear and tear on components, ultimately shortening the lifespan of the system, contrary to what might be suggested by other options. Understanding the impact of scale is essential for maintaining an efficient hot water system and ensuring its longevity.